We live in chaotic times and I have been trying in recent weeks to map how various authors have tred to make sense for us of the changes which our societies have been experiencing simce I was a boy. My drafts never seem to finish but I am reasonably content with the new one I now present - From the Stable State to Disrupted Societies (with a short 14-page version being available here)
My own focus has tended to be on the institutional and political aspects of change – but as this paper has developed I realised that I had largely neglected the technological and commercial aspects of change. And, as more and more titles have appeared about the pending collapse of the western system. I have included these – as well as samples of the scientific writing which suggests that, in the face of the complexity of the world, we all require a huge dash of humility.
Table One suggests these are the key fields of writing – and offers a few examples
The Level  | 
		The Focus  | 
		Example  | 
	
1 individual  | 
		Psychology Self-help,  | 
		In Over our Heads – the mental demands of modern life Robert Kegan 1995  | 
	
2. techno-logical  | 
		Engineering and economic  | 
		The Discoverers; Daniel Boorstin (1983) The collected works of Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi 2014 (on creativity) The Technology Trap; Karl Frey (2019) Rethinking Humanity James Arbib and Tony Seba 2020  | 
	
3 organisation -al  | 
		2.1 Commercial – managing change, Organ Development  | 
		In Search of Excellence Peters and Waterman 1982 Managing Change in Organisations Colin Carnall (5th edition 2007) Management challenges for the 21st century Peter Drucker (2001) Managing Change; Bernard Burnes (2004)  | 
	
			  | 
		2.2 Public – new public management, public value  | 
		Reinventing Government Graeber and Osborne (1992) Change here – managing change to improve local services (Audit Commission 2001) Appraising public value; past, present and futures (2011) useful (academic) summary article Public Value Management – governance and reform in Britain; John Connolly et al (2021)  | 
	
			  | 
		2,3 Non-governmental  | 
		Creating Public Value in Practice – advancing the common good in a ….noone in charge world J Bryson and B Crosby (2015)  | 
	
4 societal 
			  | 
		Social change 
			 
			 complexity, the adaptive cycle  | 
		Change the World Robert Quinn (2000) Power in movement – social movement and contentious politics; Sydney Tarrow (2011 edition) Can Democracy be Saved? - participation, deliberation and social movements; Donatella Della Porta (2013) Panarchy – understanding transformations in human and natural systems N Gunderson and C Holling 2002  | 
	
5 Networked  | 
		The dynamic between the levels  | 
		Life and How to Survive it R Skynner and J Cleese 1993 The Rise of the Network Society; Manual Castells (1996) The World We Create Tomas Bjorkman 2019 Unlearn – a compass for radical transformation Hans Burmeister (2021)  | 
	
I have already drawn attention to the fact that there are few papers on the all-embracing nature of change. It is a subject which is highly compartmentalised and table 1 of From the Stable State to Disrupted Societies is the core which describes each of the schools of writing
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